To VOB ID or not to

The big question that haunts every DIF4U user. Do I have to process by VOB ID (shudder) or not. I can't offer you a completely comprehensive answer but I'll try to outline the basics.

When not to
When to

IfoEdit is your tool of trade to make this difficult choice. Use it to open the IFO files of your movie and have a look at the lower part of the window:

PGC_1 (program chain): [Title(TTN): 1]    [00:12:36.12 / 25 fps] (Programs: 1)    (Cells: 1) (uses VOB-IDs: 4) 
   [Ch 01] [Pg 01] [Cell 01] [V/C Id: 4/ 1] : time: 00:12:36.12 / 25 fps [Pos:    00:12:36.12] [Frames: 18912] 
   
   PGC_2 (program chain): [Title(TTN): 2] [00:04:49.11 / 25 fps] (Programs: 1)    (Cells: 1) (uses VOB-IDs: 3) 
   [Ch 01] [Pg 01] [Cell 01] [V/C Id: 3/ 1] : time: 00:04:49.11 / 25 fps [Pos:    00:04:49.11] [Frames: 7236] 
   
   PGC_3 (program chain): [Title(TTN): 3] [00:04:13.00 / 25 fps] (Programs: 1)    (Cells: 1) (uses VOB-IDs: 1) 
   [Ch 01] [Pg 01] [Cell 01] [V/C Id: 1/ 1] : time: 00:04:13.00 / 25 fps [Pos:    00:04:13.00] [Frames: 6325] 
   
   PGC_4 (program chain): [Title(TTN): 4] [00:04:23.21 / 25 fps] (Programs: 1)    (Cells: 1) (uses VOB-IDs: 2) 
   [Ch 01] [Pg 01] [Cell 01] [V/C Id: 2/ 1] : time: 00:04:23.21 / 25 fps [Pos:    00:04:23.21] [Frames: 6596] 

For each PGC there's a (uses VOB_IDs: ) section. Normally, each PGC uses different VOB-IDs. In that case you're all set and can happily process by PGC. But, this is no the only case where processing by PGC is sufficient. Here's a part of an IFO taken from the DVD Austin Powers 2:

PGC_1 (program chain): [Title(TTN): 1] [00:25:59.21 / 30 fps] (Programs: 8)    (Cells: 8) (uses VOB-IDs: 1,6) 
   [Ch 01] [Pg 01] [Cell 01] [V/C Id: 1/ 2] 		 : time: 00:02:51.00 / 30 fps     [Pos: 00:02:51.00] [Frames: 5130] 
   [Ch 02] [Pg 02] [Cell 02] [V/C Id: 1/ 3] 		 : time: 00:03:32.23 / 30 fps     [Pos: 00:06:23.23] [Frames: 11513] 
   [Ch 03] [Pg 03] [Cell 03] [V/C Id: 1/ 4] 		 : time: 00:01:45.22 / 30 fps     [Pos: 00:08:09.15] [Frames: 14685] 
   [Ch 04] [Pg 04] [Cell 04] [V/C Id: 1/ 5]		  	 : time: 00:03:46.12 / 30 fps     [Pos: 00:11:55.27] [Frames: 21477] 
   [Ch 05] [Pg 05] [Cell 05] [V/C Id: 1/ 6]		 	 : time: 00:07:30.17 / 30 fps     [Pos: 00:19:26.14] [Frames: 34994] 
   [Ch 06] [Pg 06] [Cell 06] [V/C Id: 1/ 7] 		 : time: 00:02:19.19 / 30 fps     [Pos: 00:21:46.03] [Frames: 39183] 
   [Ch 07] [Pg 07] [Cell 07] [V/C Id: 1/ 8] 		 : time: 00:04:13.03 / 30 fps     [Pos: 00:25:59.06] [Frames: 46776] 
   [Ch 08] [Pg 08] [Cell 08] [V/C Id: 6/ 1] Layer Br.: time: 00:00:00.15 / 30 fps     [Pos: 00:25:59.21] [Frames: 46791] 
   
   PGC_2 (program chain): [Title(TTN): 2] [00:04:43.25 / 30 fps] (Programs: 2)    (Cells: 2) (uses VOB-IDs: 2,6) 
   [Ch 01] [Pg 01] [Cell 01] [V/C Id: 2/ 1] 		 : time: 00:04:43.10 / 30 fps     [Pos: 00:04:43.10] [Frames: 8500] 
   [Ch 02] [Pg 02] [Cell 02] [V/C Id: 6/ 1] Layer Br.: time: 00:00:00.15 / 30 fps     [Pos: 00:04:43.25] [Frames: 8515] 
   
   PGC_3 (program chain): [Title(TTN): 3] [00:04:30.20 / 30 fps] (Programs: 2)    (Cells: 2) (uses VOB-IDs: 3,6) 
   [Ch 01] [Pg 01] [Cell 01] [V/C Id: 3/ 1] 		 : time: 00:04:30.05 / 30 fps     [Pos: 00:04:30.05] [Frames: 8105] 
   [Ch 02] [Pg 02] [Cell 02] [V/C Id: 6/ 1] Layer Br.: time: 00:00:00.15 / 30 fps     [Pos: 00:04:30.20] [Frames: 8120] 

As you can see, VOB ID 6 is used in every PGC. But if you look hard enough you'll see that this VOB ID is the layer break and only 15 frames seconds long. In this case you can also process by PGC. All you have to do is add a chapter point at the end of each PGC, exactly 15 frames from the end of the track.

And I have a 3rd example for you, also taken from Austin Powers 2. This is the main movie. Note that it has many more cells than chapters.

PGC_1 (program chain): [Title(TTN): 1] [01:35:01.27 / 30 fps] (Programs: 31)    (Cells: 46) (uses VOB-IDs: 1,2) 
   [Ch 01] [Pg 01] [Cell 01] [V/C Id: 1/ 1] 		 : time: 00:04:39.26 / 30 fps     [Pos: 00:04:39.26] [Frames: 8396] 
   [Ch 02] [Pg 02] [Cell 02] [V/C Id: 1/ 2] 		 : time: 00:02:40.26 / 30 fps     [Pos: 00:07:20.22] [Frames: 13222] 
   [Ch 03] [Pg 03] [Cell 03] [V/C Id: 1/ 3] 		 : time: 00:00:14.09 / 30 fps     [Pos: 00:07:35.01] [Frames: 13651] 
                   [Cell 04] [V/C Id: 1/ 4]		  	 : time: 00:02:45.06 / 30 fps     [Pos: 00:10:20.07] [Frames: 18607] 
                   [Cell 05] [V/C Id: 1/ 5] 		 : time: 00:00:06.05 / 30 fps     [Pos: 00:10:26.12] [Frames: 18792] 
   [Ch 04] [Pg 04] [Cell 06] [V/C Id: 1/ 6] 		 : time: 00:00:37.29 / 30 fps     [Pos: 00:11:04.11] [Frames: 19931] 
                   [Cell 07] [V/C Id: 1/ 7] 		 : time: 00:01:25.16 / 30 fps     [Pos: 00:12:29.27] [Frames: 22497] 
                   [Cell 08] [V/C Id: 1/ 8] 		 : time: 00:00:10.15 / 30 fps     [Pos: 00:12:40.12] [Frames: 22812] 
   [Ch 05] [Pg 05] [Cell 09] [V/C Id: 1/ 9] 		 : time: 00:04:46.09 / 30 fps     [Pos: 00:17:26.21] [Frames: 31401] 
   [Ch 06] [Pg 06] [Cell 10] [V/C Id: 1/10] 		 : time: 00:02:04.25 / 30 fps     [Pos: 00:19:31.16] [Frames: 35146] 
   [Ch 07] [Pg 07] [Cell 11] [V/C Id: 1/11] 		 : time: 00:02:11.20 / 30 fps     [Pos: 00:21:43.06] [Frames: 39096] 
   [Ch 08] [Pg 08] [Cell 12] [V/C Id: 1/12] 		 : time: 00:02:02.21 / 30 fps     [Pos: 00:23:45.27] [Frames: 42777] 
   [Ch 09] [Pg 09] [Cell 13] [V/C Id: 1/13] 		 : time: 00:01:35.19 / 30 fps     [Pos: 00:25:21.16] [Frames: 45646] 
   [Ch 10] [Pg 10] [Cell 14] [V/C Id: 1/14] 		 : time: 00:03:09.11 / 30 fps     [Pos: 00:28:30.27] [Frames: 51327] 
   [Ch 11] [Pg 11] [Cell 15] [V/C Id: 1/15] 		 : time: 00:02:25.00 / 30 fps     [Pos: 00:30:55.27] [Frames: 55677] 
   [Ch 12] [Pg 12] [Cell 16] [V/C Id: 1/16] 		 : time: 00:03:51.29 / 30 fps     [Pos: 00:34:47.26] [Frames: 62636] 
   [Ch 13] [Pg 13] [Cell 17] [V/C Id: 1/17] 		 : time: 00:04:26.00 / 30 fps     [Pos: 00:39:13.26] [Frames: 70616] 
   [Ch 14] [Pg 14] [Cell 18] [V/C Id: 1/18] 		 : time: 00:00:39.25 / 30 fps     [Pos: 00:39:53.21] [Frames: 71811] 
   [Ch 15] [Pg 15] [Cell 19] [V/C Id: 1/19] 		 : time: 00:00:49.25 / 30 fps     [Pos: 00:40:43.16] [Frames: 73306] 
                   [Cell 20] [V/C Id: 1/20] 		 : time: 00:02:16.26 / 30 fps     [Pos: 00:43:00.12] [Frames: 77412] 
                   [Cell 21] [V/C Id: 1/21] 		 : time: 00:00:08.04 / 30 fps     [Pos: 00:43:08.16] [Frames: 77656] 
   [Ch 16] [Pg 16] [Cell 22] [V/C Id: 1/22] 		 : time: 00:01:53.20 / 30 fps     [Pos: 00:45:02.06] [Frames: 81066] 
   [Ch 17] [Pg 17] [Cell 23] [V/C Id: 1/23] 		 : time: 00:04:17.15 / 30 fps     [Pos: 00:49:19.21] [Frames: 88791] 
   [Ch 18] [Pg 18] [Cell 24] [V/C Id: 1/24] 		 : time: 00:02:10.15 / 30 fps     [Pos: 00:51:30.06] [Frames: 92706] 
   [Ch 19] [Pg 19] [Cell 25] [V/C Id: 1/25] 		 : time: 00:02:00.15 / 30 fps     [Pos: 00:53:30.21] [Frames: 96321] 
   [Ch 20] [Pg 20] [Cell 26] [V/C Id: 1/26] 		 : time: 00:01:56.15 / 30 fps 	  [Pos: 00:55:27.06] [Frames: 99816] 
                   [Cell 27] [V/C Id: 1/27] 	 	 : time: 00:02:36.25 / 30 fps     [Pos: 00:58:04.01] [Frames: 04521] 
                   [Cell 28] [V/C Id: 1/28] 		 : time: 00:00:23.20 / 30 fps     [Pos: 00:58:27.21] [Frames: 105231] 
   [Ch 21] [Pg 21] [Cell 29] [V/C Id: 1/29] 		 : time: 00:00:54.01 / 30 fps     [Pos: 00:59:21.22] [Frames: 106852] 
                   [Cell 30] [V/C Id: 1/30] 		 : time: 00:00:34.25 / 30 fps     [Pos: 00:59:56.17] [Frames: 107897] 
                   [Cell 31] [V/C Id: 1/31] 		 : time: 00:02:03.19 / 30 fps     [Pos: 01:02:00.06] [Frames: 111606] 
   [Ch 22] [Pg 22] [Cell 32] [V/C Id: 1/32] 		 : time: 00:00:11.25 / 30 fps     [Pos: 01:02:12.01] [Frames: 111961] 
                   [Cell 33] [V/C Id: 1/33] 		 : time: 00:01:31.26 / 30 fps     [Pos: 01:03:43.27] [Frames: 114717] 
                   [Cell 34] [V/C Id: 1/34]          : time: 00:00:01.04 / 30 fps     [Pos: 01:03:45.01] [Frames: 114751] 
   [Ch 23] [Pg 23] [Cell 35] [V/C Id: 1/35]          : time: 00:04:38.21 / 30 fps     [Pos: 01:08:23.22] [Frames: 123112] 
   [Ch 24] [Pg 24] [Cell 36] [V/C Id: 1/36]          : time: 00:00:50.05 / 30 fps     [Pos: 01:09:13.27] [Frames: 124617] 
                   [Cell 37] [V/C Id: 1/37]          : time: 00:02:01.10 / 30 fps     [Pos: 01:11:15.07] [Frames: 128257] 
   [Ch 25] [Pg 25] [Cell 38] [V/C Id: 1/38]          : time: 00:03:53.19 / 30 fps     [Pos: 01:15:08.26] [Frames: 135266] 
   [Ch 26] [Pg 26] [Cell 39] [V/C Id: 1/39]          : time: 00:03:13.05 / 30 fps     [Pos: 01:18:22.01] [Frames: 141061] 
   [Ch 27] [Pg 27] [Cell 40] [V/C Id: 1/40]          : time: 00:04:15.00 / 30 fps     [Pos: 01:22:37.01] [Frames: 148711] 
   [Ch 28] [Pg 28] [Cell 41] [V/C Id: 1/41]          : time: 00:02:00.10 / 30 fps     [Pos: 01:24:37.11] [Frames: 152321] 
   [Ch 29] [Pg 29] [Cell 42] [V/C Id: 1/42] Layer Br.: time: 00:03:21.01 / 30 fps     [Pos: 01:27:58.12] [Frames: 158352] 
   [Ch 30] [Pg 30] [Cell 43] [V/C Id: 1/43]          : time: 00:00:17.19 / 30 fps     [Pos: 01:28:16.01] [Frames: 158881] 
                   [Cell 44] [V/C Id: 1/44]          : time: 00:00:51.15 / 30 fps     [Pos: 01:29:07.16] [Frames: 160426] 
                   [Cell 45] [V/C Id: 1/45]          : time: 00:05:53.26 / 30 fps     [Pos: 01:35:01.12] [Frames: 171042] 
   [Ch 31] [Pg 31] [Cell 46] [V/C Id: 2/ 1] Layer Br.: time: 00:00:00.15 / 30 fps     [Pos: 01:35:01.27] [Frames: 171057] 
   
   PGC_2 (program chain): [Title(TTN): 2] [00:00:50.05 / 30 fps] (Programs: 1)    (Cells: 1) (uses VOB-IDs: 1) 
   [Ch 01] [Pg 01] [Cell 01] [V/C Id: 1/36]          : time: 00:00:50.05 / 30 fps     [Pos: 00:00:50.05] [Frames: 1505] 
   
   PGC_3 (program chain): [Title(TTN): 2] [00:01:25.16 / 30 fps] (Programs: 1)    (Cells: 1) (uses VOB-IDs: 1) 
   [Ch 02] [Pg 01] [Cell 01] [V/C Id: 1/ 7]          : time: 00:01:25.16 / 30 fps     [Pos: 00:01:25.16] [Frames: 2566] 
   
   PGC_4 (program chain): [Title(TTN): 2] [00:00:51.15 / 30 fps] (Programs: 1)    (Cells: 1) (uses VOB-IDs: 1) 
   [Ch 03] [Pg 01] [Cell 01] [V/C Id: 1/44] 	     : time: 00:00:51.15 / 30 fps     [Pos: 00:00:51.15] [Frames: 1545] 

As you can see, the other PGCs make reference to certain cells of the main movie. There's no need to do this by VOB ID either. In fact, you don't even have to process all the PGCs that use a part of the main movie, as you have all the video and audio assets already available from PGC1 (so uncheck the other PGCs in DIF4U). Then when you arrive at the Scenarist step, create a chapter for each cell in the track editor. Then when you're in the scenario editor, create PGC1 using the track you have created, then remove the chapter reference for all those cells that are not actually chapters. I'll quickly illustrate how to remove a chapter position. Imagine you have the scenario shown in the following screenshot and that you want to remove chapter 6.

The first thing to do is to click on program 6 (that's the upper image to the right), and press the delete button to delete the program. This will also delete the associated cell so now you have a "hole" in your video stream:

Now you have to re-add the missing cell. Locate the cell in the asset browser to the lower right of the screen:

Drag and drop cell 10 to program 5. This is the result: Program 5 now contains two cells, cell 9 where chapter 5 starts, and cell 10. The next chapter will start at cell 11.



Some movies have the same structure, but instead of having PGCs refer to cells in the main movie, they refer to VOB IDs. The process is exactly the same there. Make sure your main movie track contains all chapters and all the position where an additional PGC starts, then remove the additional chapter points you added in the track editor using the method described above, and create the additional PGCs the same way. If you're lucky, you have VOB IDs matching chapters so you won't even have to remove any chapters.

 

Last but not least, an example where you have to demux by VOB ID:

PGC_1 (program chain): [Title(TTN): 1] [02:16:13.09 / 30 fps] (Programs: 38)    (Cells: 106) (uses VOB-IDs: 2,3,4,6,7,8,10,11,12,14,15,16,17,19,20,21,23,24,25,27,28,29,31,32,33,35,36,37,39)	   
   [Ch 01] [Pg 01] [Cell 01] [V/C Id: 2/ 1]	       : time: 00:00:31.04 / 30 fps     [Pos: 00:00:31.04] [Frames: 934] 
   				   [Cell 02] [V/C Id: 2/ 2] 	   : time: 00:00:55.05 / 30 fps     [Pos: 00:01:26.09] [Frames: 2589] 
   				   [Cell 03] [V/C Id: 2/ 3] 	   : time: 00:01:27.10 / 30 fps     [Pos: 00:02:53.19] [Frames: 5209] 
   				   [Cell 04] [V/C Id: 3/ 1] 	   : time: 00:00:09.01 / 30 fps     [Pos: 00:03:02.20] [Frames: 5480] 
   				   [Cell 05] [V/C Id: 4/ 1] (IlVu) : time: 00:00:10.00 / 30 fps     [Pos: 00:03:12.20] [Frames: 5780] 
   				   [Cell 06] [V/C Id: 4/ 2] (IlVu) : time: 00:00:13.14 / 30 fps     [Pos: 00:03:26.04] [Frames: 6184] 
   [Ch 02] [Pg 02] [Cell 07] [V/C Id: 6/ 1] 	   : time: 00:01:08.15 / 30 fps     [Pos: 00:04:34.19] [Frames: 8239] 
   				   [Cell 08] [V/C Id: 6/ 2] 	   : time: 00:00:24.20 / 30 fps     [Pos: 00:04:59.09] [Frames: 8979] 
   				   [Cell 09] [V/C Id: 6/ 3] 	   : time: 00:01:36.16 / 30 fps     [Pos: 00:06:35.25] [Frames: 11875] 
   [Ch 03] [Pg 03] [Cell 10] [V/C Id: 6/ 4] 	   : time: 00:01:12.09 / 30 fps     [Pos: 00:07:48.04] [Frames: 14044]

As you can notice Cell 4 and 5 have a comment IlVu. This indicates a playback discontinuity - either a multiangle or seamless branching. In this case it's a multiangle (how can you know that? You'll be able to press the angle button during such scenes, an operation which is usually prohibited;) As you can no doubt notice, only few cells have that notice, meaning no the entire movie has multiangles. Since in Scenarist a track can only be either single angle or multiangle, but not both, you'll have to process this movie by VOB ID. Incidentally, this movie is The Matrix which is as complex as it can get. Most movies where you can access extra videos during main movie playback by pressing a button on your remote, and will be taken back the main movie afterwards, use a technique called Button over Video. Those are notoriously hard to re-create but I have a guide for that (of course you can still use DIF4U for demuxing and DC4U for encoding, but refer to that guide for reauthoring in Scenarist).

And now another example of multiangles: Star Wars: Episode 1:

PGC_1 (program chain): [Title(TTN): 1] [02:16:04.06 / 30 fps] (Programs: 51)    (Cells: 80) (uses VOB-IDs: 1,2,3,4,2,3,4,5,6,7) 
   [Ch 01] [Pg 01] [Cell 01] [V/C Id: 1/ 1] 		 : time: 00:00:21.00 / 30 fps    [Pos: 00:00:21.00] [Frames: 630] 
   [Ch 02] [Pg 02] [Cell 02] [V/C Id: 2/ 1] (Angle 1): time: 00:01:31.21 / 30 fps    [Pos: 00:01:52.21] [Frames: 3381] 
   			       [Cell 03] [V/C Id: 3/ 1] (Angle 2): time: 00:01:31.21 / 30 fps    [Pos: 00:01:52.21] [Frames: 3381] 
				   [Cell 04] [V/C Id: 4/ 1] (Angle 3): time: 00:01:31.21 / 30 fps    [Pos: 00:01:52.21] [Frames: 3381] 
   [Ch 03] [Pg 03] [Cell 05] [V/C Id: 2/ 2] (Angle 1): time: 00:00:09.19 / 30 fps    [Pos: 00:02:02.10] [Frames: 3670] 
				   [Cell 06] [V/C Id: 3/ 2] (Angle 2): time: 00:00:09.19 / 30 fps 	 [Pos: 00:02:02.10] [Frames: 3670] 
				   [Cell 07] [V/C Id: 4/ 2] (Angle 3): time: 00:00:09.19 / 30 fps 	 [Pos: 00:02:02.10] [Frames: 3670] 
				   [Cell 08] [V/C Id: 5/ 1] 		 : time: 00:05:52.15 / 30 fps 	 [Pos: 00:07:54.25] [Frames: 14245] 
   [Ch 04] [Pg 04] [Cell 09] [V/C Id: 5/ 2] 		 : time: 00:00:54.25 / 30 fps 	 [Pos: 00:08:49.20] [Frames: 15890] 
				   [Cell 10] [V/C Id: 5/ 3] 		 : time: 00:01:05.20 / 30 fps 	 [Pos: 00:09:55.10] [Frames: 17860] 
   [Ch 05] [Pg 05] [Cell 11] [V/C Id: 5/ 4] 		 : time: 00:01:22.21 / 30 fps 	 [Pos: 00:11:18.01] [Frames: 20341] 
   [Ch 06] [Pg 06] [Cell 12] [V/C Id: 5/ 5] 		 : time: 00:02:05.09 / 30 fps 	 [Pos: 00:13:23.10] [Frames: 24100] 
   [Ch 07] [Pg 07] [Cell 13] [V/C Id: 5/ 6] 		 : time: 00:01:25.16 / 30 fps 	 [Pos: 00:14:48.26] [Frames: 26666] 
   [Ch 08] [Pg 08] [Cell 14] [V/C Id: 5/ 7] 		 : time: 00:01:31.24 / 30 fps 	 [Pos: 00:16:20.20] [Frames: 29420] 
				   [Cell 15] [V/C Id: 5/ 8] 		 : time: 00:00:52.15 / 30 fps 	 [Pos: 00:17:13.05] [Frames: 30995]

This one also has multiangles as you see. Once again, the angles do not extend over the entire PGC so you'll have to demux by VOB ID. You can still use DIF4U for demuxing and DC4U for encoding, but you have to create one track for each VOB ID and put the tracks together to complete PGCs in the scenario editor. For some basic multiangle track creation in Scenarist refer to the multiangle guide (which does not cover the entire scenario as shown above).

Last but not least another example, this time taken from a seamless branching movie: Terminator 2 Ultimate Edition.

PGC_1 (program chain): [Title(TTN): 1] [02:16:04.03 / 30 fps] (Programs: 73)    (Cells: 122) (uses VOB-IDs: 1,2,4,5,6,8,9,10,12,13,14,16,18,19,20,22,23,24,25,27,28,29,31,32,33,35,36,37,39,40,41,43,44,45,46,48,49,50,52,53,54,55,57,59)	   
   [Ch 01] [Pg 01] [Cell 01] [V/C Id: 1/ 1] 	   : time: 00:00:50.05 / 30 fps     [Pos: 00:00:50.05] [Frames: 1505] 
   [Ch 02] [Pg 02] [Cell 02] [V/C Id: 1/ 2] 	   : time: 00:02:46.14 / 30 fps 	[Pos: 00:03:36.19] [Frames: 6499] 
   [Ch 03] [Pg 03] [Cell 03] [V/C Id: 1/ 3] 	   : time: 00:01:58.15 / 30 fps 	[Pos: 00:05:35.04] [Frames: 10054] 
   [Ch 04] [Pg 04] [Cell 04] [V/C Id: 1/ 4] 	   : time: 00:01:11.11 / 30 fps 	[Pos: 00:06:46.15] [Frames: 12195] 
   [Ch 05] [Pg 05] [Cell 05] [V/C Id: 1/ 5] 	   : time: 00:02:23.04 / 30 fps 	[Pos: 00:09:09.19] [Frames: 16489] 
   [Ch 06] [Pg 06] [Cell 06] [V/C Id: 1/ 6] 	   : time: 00:01:22.00 / 30 fps 	[Pos: 00:10:31.19] [Frames: 18949] 
   [Ch 07] [Pg 07] [Cell 07] [V/C Id: 1/ 7] 	   : time: 00:01:58.00 / 30 fps 	[Pos: 00:12:29.19] [Frames: 22489] 
   [Ch 08] [Pg 08] [Cell 08] [V/C Id: 1/ 8] 	   : time: 00:01:06.18 / 30 fps 	[Pos: 00:13:36.07] [Frames: 24487] 
   [Ch 09] [Pg 09] [Cell 09] [V/C Id: 1/ 9] 	   : time: 00:00:46.09 / 30 fps 	[Pos: 00:14:22.16] [Frames: 25876] 
   				   [Cell 10] [V/C Id: 2/ 1] 	   : time: 00:00:06.24 / 30 fps 	[Pos: 00:14:29.10] [Frames: 26080] 
   				   [Cell 11] [V/C Id: 4/ 1] (IlVu) : time: 00:01:00.00 / 30 fps 	[Pos: 00:15:29.10] [Frames: 27880] 
   [Ch 10] [Pg 10] [Cell 12] [V/C Id: 4/ 2] (IlVu) : time: 00:00:23.05 / 30 fps     [Pos: 00:15:52.15] [Frames: 28575] 
   				   [Cell 13] [V/C Id: 4/ 3] (IlVu) : time: 00:00:02.15 / 30 fps 	[Pos: 00:15:55.00] [Frames: 28650] 
   				   [Cell 14] [V/C Id: 5/ 1] 	   : time: 00:00:43.19 / 30 fps 	[Pos: 00:16:38.19] [Frames: 29959]

This is PGC1. As you can see, not all VOB IDs are used, most notably VOB IDs 7 and 11 have been skipped (and there are more but I cut those off). Now let's have a look at PGC2:

PGC_2 (program chain): [Title(TTN): 2] [02:33:02.01 / 30 fps] (Programs: 81)    (Cells: 132) (uses VOB-IDs: 1,2,3,5,6,7,9,10,11,13,14,15,18,19,20,21,23,24,25,26,28,29,30,32,33,34,36,37,38,40,41,42,44,45,46,47,49,50,51,53,54,55,57,58,59)	   
   [Ch 01] [Pg 01] [Cell 01] [V/C Id: 1/ 1] 	   : time: 00:00:50.05 / 30 fps    [Pos: 00:00:50.05] [Frames: 1505] 
   [Ch 02] [Pg 02] [Cell 02] [V/C Id: 1/ 2] 	   : time: 00:02:46.14 / 30 fps    [Pos: 00:03:36.19] [Frames: 6499] 
   [Ch 03] [Pg 03] [Cell 03] [V/C Id: 1/ 3] 	   : time: 00:01:58.15 / 30 fps    [Pos: 00:05:35.04] [Frames: 10054] 
   [Ch 04] [Pg 04] [Cell 04] [V/C Id: 1/ 4] 	   : time: 00:01:11.11 / 30 fps    [Pos: 00:06:46.15] [Frames: 12195] 
   [Ch 05] [Pg 05] [Cell 05] [V/C Id: 1/ 5]	   	   : time: 00:02:23.04 / 30 fps    [Pos: 00:09:09.19] [Frames: 16489] 
   [Ch 06] [Pg 06] [Cell 06] [V/C Id: 1/ 6]  	   : time: 00:01:22.00 / 30 fps    [Pos: 00:10:31.19] [Frames: 18949] 
   [Ch 07] [Pg 07] [Cell 07] [V/C Id: 1/ 7] 	   : time: 00:01:58.00 / 30 fps    [Pos: 00:12:29.19] [Frames: 22489] 
   [Ch 08] [Pg 08] [Cell 08] [V/C Id: 1/ 8] 	   : time: 00:01:06.18 / 30 fps    [Pos: 00:13:36.07] [Frames: 24487] 
   [Ch 09] [Pg 09] [Cell 09] [V/C Id: 1/ 9] 	   : time: 00:00:46.09 / 30 fps    [Pos: 00:14:22.16] [Frames: 25876] 
   				   [Cell 10] [V/C Id: 2/ 1] 	   : time: 00:00:06.24 / 30 fps    [Pos: 00:14:29.10] [Frames: 26080] 
  				   [Cell 11] [V/C Id: 3/ 1] (IlVu) : time: 00:00:59.25 / 30 fps    [Pos: 00:15:29.05] [Frames: 27875] 
   [Ch 10] [Pg 10] [Cell 12] [V/C Id: 3/ 2] (IlVu) : time: 00:01:00.03 / 30 fps    [Pos: 00:16:29.08] [Frames: 29678] 
   [Ch 11] [Pg 11] [Cell 13] [V/C Id: 3/ 3] (IlVu) : time: 00:00:23.10 / 30 fps    [Pos: 00:16:52.18] [Frames: 30378] 
   				   [Cell 14] [V/C Id: 3/ 4] (IlVu) : time: 00:00:02.15 / 30 fps    [Pos: 00:16:55.03] [Frames: 30453] 
  				   [Cell 15] [V/C Id: 5/ 1] 	  : time: 00:00:43.19 / 30 fps     [Pos: 00:17:38.22] [Frames: 31762]

In this PGC, VOB IDs 7 and 11 are present, but VOB IDs 8 and 12 have been skipped. You can notice seamless branching movies by having PGCs that have similar length and that use a certain number of VOB IDs in all long PGCs whereas some VOB IDs are only used in a particular PGC and not in the other(s). There's also a special guide for this case.

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This document was last updated on May 15, 2003